Name the following carboxylic acids
SOLUTION:
Molecule 1.
Main function: carboxylic acid (-oic)
Numbering: lowest locant to carboxylic acid.
substituents: no
Name: Pent-2-enoic acid
Molecule 2.
Main function: carboxylic acid (-oic)
Numbering: lowest locant to carboxylic acid.
substituents: no
Name: Pentanoic acid
Molecule 3.
Main function: carboxylic acid (-oic)
Numbering: lowest locant to carboxylic acid.
Substituents: 4-hydroxy group.
Name: 4-hydroxypentanoic acid
Carboxylic acids have priority over other functional groups (with the exception of ammonium salts).
Molecule 4.
Main function: carboxylic acid (-oic)
Numbering: lowest locant to carboxylic acid.
substituents: no
Name: Butanedioic acid
Molecule 5.
Main function: carboxylic acid (-oic)
Numbering: lowest locant to carboxylic acid.
Substituents: ketone (oxo-) in 3.
Name: 3-oxobutanoic acid
Molecule 6.
Main function: carboxylic acid (-oic)
Numbering: lowest locant to carboxylic acid.
Substituents: chlorine in 3 and methyl in 4.
Name: 3-chloro-4-methylpentanoic acid
Molecule 7.
Main function: carboxylic acid (-oic)
Numbering: lowest locant to carboxylic acid.
Substituents: no.
Name: Hex-3-en-5-ynoic acid
Molecule 8.
Main function: carboxylic acid (-carboxylic)
Numbering: lowest locant to carboxylic acid (without numbering its carbon).
Substituents: ketone (oxo-) in 3.
Name: 3-Oxocyclohexanecarboxylic acid
Molecule 9.
Main function: carboxylic acid (-carboxylic)
Numbering: lowest locant to the acid group.
substituents: no
Name: Cyclopentanecarboxylic acid