Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds:

SOLUTION:

Molecule 1.

1. Main chain: 5 carbons (pentane).
2. Numbering: so that methyl takes the lowest locant (2).
3. Substituents: methyl in position 2.
4. Name: 2-Methylpentane.

Molecule 2.

1. Main chain: 6 carbons (hexane).
2. Numbering: from left to right with substituents in 2,3,3 .
3. Substituents: methyls in 2,3,3 .
4. Name: 2,3,3-Trimethylhexane.

Molecule 3.

1. Main chain: 7 carbons (heptane)
2. Numbering: from right to left with substituents in 2.5 .
3. Substituents: 2 -methyl and 5 -ethyl
4. Name: 5-Ethyl-2-methylheptane.

Molecule 4.



1. Main chain: 8 carbons (octane) 2. Numbering: from right to left with substituents in 3,3,5.
3. Substituents: three methyls in 3,3,5.
4. Name: 3,3,5-Trimethyloctane

Molecule 5.

1. Main chain: 8 carbons (octane). Note that it does not match the horizontal string.
2. Numbering: from left to right we find the first substitute in 3. By numbering from right to left the first substituents appear in position 4 .
3. Substituents: Methyls in 3,5 positions; ethyl in position 5.
4. Name: 5-Ethyl-3,5-dimethyloctane.

Molecule 6.

1. Main chain: 9 carbons (nonane).
2. Numbering: left-right, substituent position 3,4,5,7.
Right-left, substituent position 3,5,6,7. The second substituent takes a minor locant in numbering from left to right.
3. Substituents: four methyls in 3,4,5,7
4. Name: 3,4,5,7-Tetramethylnonane