DIELS–ALDER THEORY

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DIELS–ALDER THEORY
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Otto Diels and Kurt Alder received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1950 for discovering the reaction between a conjugated diene and an alkene.
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DIELS–ALDER THEORY
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Diels-Alder is a stereospecific reaction, it produces a single diastereoisomer. To draw the stereoisomer formed in a Diels-Alder, three rules are followed:

1. Diels-Alder preserves the stereochemistry of the dienophile .
If the alkene is cis, the substituents remain cis in the final product.
estereoquimica-diels-alder

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DIELS–ALDER THEORY
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Diels-Alder is a stereospecific reaction, it produces a single diastereoisomer. To draw the stereoisomer formed in a Diels-Alder, three rules are followed:

 
1. Diels-Alder preserves the stereochemistry of the dienophile .
If the alkene is cis, the substituents remain cis in the final product.
estereoquimica-diels-alder

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DIELS–ALDER THEORY
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Alkynes can act as dienophiles in the Diels-Alder reaction. The reaction between diene and alkyne forms a 1,4-cyclohexadiene.

 
diels-alder-alquinos

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DIELS–ALDER THEORY
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The reverse reaction to Diels-Alder is called retro-Diels-Alder. Diels-Alder adducts decompose on heating into the diene and dienophile that formed them.

retro-diels-alder

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DIELS–ALDER THEORY
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The intramolecular Diels Alder reaction occurs when the diene and the dienophile belong to the same molecule.

diels alder intramolecular

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DIELS–ALDER THEORY
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Alkenes in the presence of light undergo cycloaddition reactions to form four-membered rings. These reactions are called [2 + 2] cycloadditions.

photochemical reactions 01

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DIELS–ALDER THEORY
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Both 1,3-butadiene (4n) and 1,3,5-hexatriene (4n + 2) cyclize with light or heat to give cyclobutene and 1,3-cyclohexadiene, respectively.

electrocyclic reactions 01

Like Diels-Alder, electrocyclic reactions are concerted and stereospecific.