The amino group is introduced into the aromatic ring by reduction of the nitro.
The reagents used in the reduction can be:
- Sn, HCl
- H2 , Ni, EtOH
- Fe, HCl
Peracids oxidize the amino group to nitro.
Since the amino group orients to ortho/para and the nitro to meta, the conversion of one group to another is a method of important synthetic utility.
