Ethers can be obtained by reacting haloalkanes with alcohols through the S N 1 mechanism. The haloalkane must be secondary or tertiary to form stable carbocations.

synthesis ethers sn1 01

Mechanism:

synthesis ethers sn1 02

This reaction is also useful for preparing cyclic ethers, via intramolecular SN1 .

synthesis ethers sn1 03

Mechanism:

synthesis ethers sn1 04