Give the IUPAC name of the following compounds.

Solution:

Main chain: the longest one is chosen, 8 carbons (octane)
Numbering: begins with the end closest to a substituent
Substituents: methyls at 3,4,6 and ethyl at 5 .
Name: 5 -Ethyl- 2,4,6 -trimethyloctane






Main chain: 6 carbons (hexane)
Numbering: starts from the left (methyl at 2). On the right the ethyl is at 3 .
Substituents: 4 -ethyl and 2 .
Name: 4 -Ethyl- 2 -methylhexane






Main chain: the longest chain is 10 carbons (decane)
Numbering: start from the left since the first substituent is found before.
Substituents: methyls at 2,6 ; ethyl at 8 ; isopropyl in 4 .
Name:  8 -Ethyl- 4 -isopropyl- 2,6 -dimethyldecane