Name the following aldehydes and ketones:

SOLUTION:


1. Main chain: 5 carbons (pentane)
2. Numbering: starts at aldehyde (functional group)
Functional group: aldehyde
3. Name: Pent- 3 -en al


1. Main chain: 3 carbons (propane)
2. Numbering: lowest locant to aldehyde.
3. Functional group: aldehyde
4. Substituents: methyl in 2.
5. Name: 2 - Methyl propan al


{note}Aldehydes and ketones have priority over alkenes and alkynes, and are numbered giving them the lowest locant{/note}

1 Main chain: 3 carbons (propane)
2. Functional group: aldehyde (dialdehyde)
3. Name: Propane al


1. Main chain: 6 carbons (hexane)
2. Functional group: ketone
3. Numbering: assign the smallest locant to the ketone
4. Substituents: 5 -hydroxy .
5. Name: 5 - Hydroxy hexan- 2 -one




1. Main chain: 4 carbons (butane)
2. Functional group: aldehyde 3.
Numbering: assign the smallest locant to the aldehyde
4. Name: But- 3 -in al


1. Main chain: 5-membered cycle (cyclopentane)
2. Functional group: ketone
3. Numbering: starts at the ketone and proceeds to substituent
4. Substituents: 3 - methoxy .
5. Name: 3 - Methoxy cyclopentanone





1. Main chain: 6 carbons (hexane)
2. Functional group: aldehyde (dialdehyde)
3. Numbering: start at the end that gives phenyl the lowest locant.
4. Substituents: 3 -phenyl .
5. Name: 3 -Phenylhexanedial Main




chain : 6 carbons (hexane)
2. Functional group: aldehyde
3. Numbering: assign the smallest locant to the aldehyde
4. Substituents: 5 - hydroxy and 4 - oxo .
5. Name: 5 - Hydroxy - 4 - oxo hexanal


{note}Aldehydes take precedence over ketones which are renamed as substituents (oxo-){/note}

1. Main chain: 6-membered ring (cyclohexane)
2 Functional group: aldehyde ( - carbaldehyde )
3. Numbering: -CHO group (this is not numbered)
4. Substituents: ketone ( oxo- ) at 3
5. Name: 3 - Oxo cyclohexanecarbaldehyde


1. Main chain: 3 carbons (propane)
2. Functional group: aldehyde (dialdehyde)
3. Substituents: methyls in 2,2 .
4. Name: 2,2 - Dimethyl propanedi 1.



Main chain: 4 carbons (butane)
2. Functional group: aldehyde
3. Substituents: 3- formyl Name: 3
- Formyl butanedi 1.




Main chain: 4 carbons (butane)
2. Functional group: aldehyde
3. Numbering: assign the minor locant to the aldehyde
4. Substituents: 4 - hydroxy and 3 - oxo .
5. Name: 4 - Hydroxy - 3 - oxo butan al