Name the following molecules, in which alcohol acts as a substituent.

SOLUTION:


1. Main chain: longest that contains the functional group (propane)
2. Functional group: carboxylic acid
3. Numbering: lowest locant to the acid group
4. Substituents: hydroxy group in 3 .
5. Name: 3 - Hydroxy propanoic



acid 1. Main chain: six-membered cycle (cyclohexane)
2. Functional group: ketone
3. Numbering: lowest locant to the carbonyl group
4. Substituents: 3 - hydroxy and 4 - methyl group .
5. Name: 2 - Hydroxy - 5 -methylcyclohexanone chain



: longest containing the functional group (hexane)
2. Functional group: carboxylic acid
3. Numbering: assigns the lowest locant to the acid group.
4. Substituents: 4 - bromo , 5- hydroxy , and 3-5 methyl
. Name: 4 - Bromo - 6 - hydroxy - 3 - methylhexane onic


Carboxylic take precedence over alcohols.
The alcohol becomes one more substituent of the molecule, ordered alphabetically with the rest of the substituents.

1. Main chain: longest that contains the functional group (butane)
2. Functional group: aldehyde
3. Numbering: lowest locant to the carbonyl group
4. Substituents: hydroxy group in 4 .
5. Name: 4 - Hydroxy butane al

1. Main chain: six-membered cycle
2. Functional group: ketone
3. Numbering: lowest carbonyl locant
4. Substituents: 3 - chloro and 4 - hydroxy .
Name

: 3 - Chloro - 4 - hydroxy cyclohexanone

1. Main chain: longest that contains the functional group (propane)
2. Functional group: ketone
3. Numbering: lowest locant to the carbonyl group
4. Substituents: hydroxy group at 4 and methyl at 5 .
5. Name: 3 - Hydroxy - 4 - methyl hexan- 2 - one